Umkhosi Wentwasahlobo

I-Spring Festival ingenye yemikhosi ebaluleke kakhulu yendabuko yabantu baseChina nomphakathi we-Global Chinese. Nakhu umbono onemininingwane yomkhosi wentwasahlobo:

I. Imvelaphi Yezomlando kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo

• Umkhosi wentwasahlobo waqhamuka esikolweni lasendulo lokuthandazela isivuno esihle ekuqaleni konyaka. Kungumkhosi ohlanganisa izinto zokuqeda amadala nokwamukela ama-New, akhonza okhokho, abathandazela inhlanhla nokugwema okuhle, ukuhlanganiswa kwemikhosi, ukuhlanganisa kabusha komndeni, imikhosi yokuzijabulisa.
• Ngokuphakama kwentuthuko yomlando nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ngenxa yezinguquko kuma-Dynasties namakhalenda, usuku lonyaka omusha luhlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka wokuqala wokubusa kwe-Emperor Wu yesikhathi seTaichu (104 BC), izazi zezinkanyezi zakha i- "Taichu ikhalenda," zibeka usuku lokuqala lwenyanga yokuqala. Kusukela lapho, isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili, naphezu kwamakhosi ambalwa azama ukushintsha ikhalenda nokuqala konyaka, ikhalenda lelanga lijwayele ukusetshenziswa.
• Ngesikhathi saseMpumalanga Han Dynasty, kwakukhona amarekhodi emihlatshelo ekuqaleni konyaka. Ngesikhathi se-Wei kanye noJin Dynasties, amarekhodi abhalwe ngokwezifiso zokuhlala isikhathi sekwedlule isikhathi ngonyaka kaNcibijane. Ukusuka kuTang kanye nama-Dynasties wengoma kuya ku-Ming and Qing Dynasties, amasiko omkhosi wasentwasahlobo kancane kancane aqala ukuceba. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sombuso weTang, "kwavela amakhadi okubingelela oNew Ngesikhathi sombuso we-ming, ethola uNkulunkulu ekhishini, wathumela onkulunkulu abasemnyango, bahlale sekwephuzile ngo-Eva kaNyaka oMusha, futhi bathokozela imikhosi yaseLantern ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu lwenyanga yokuqala yenyanga yayivele yande. Ngesikhathi se-Qing Dynasty, imigubho yenkantolo yaseMpumalanga yoNyaka oMusha yayinethezeka kakhulu, futhi umbusi wayenesiko lokubhala "ama-fu" abalingiswa "awethule ezikhulu zakhe.
• Ngemuva kokusungulwa kweRiphabhulikhi yaseChina, ukuze "kulandele ikhalenda lezolimo futhi kuthathwe izibalo," kwanqunywa ukusebenzisa iKhalenda likaGregorian, kanti uJanuwari 1 wekhalenda likaGregorian aqokwa njengoSuku Lonyaka Omusha. " Kusukela ngo-1914, "usuku loNyaka oMusha" lwendabuko "lwaluqanjwa ngokusemthethweni" umkhosi waseSpring. "

II. Ukubaluleka Komkhosi

• Ukuqhubeka komlando kanye nesiko: Umkhosi waseSpring ubeka ukuqala konyaka omusha, futhi abantu bayakugubha ukukhumbula umlando nokuba nefuyo futhi bakhuthaze isiko elihle lendabuko lesizwe saseChina.
• Ukuhlangana kabusha komndeni kanye nokufudumala: Umkhosi Wentwasahlobo isikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlangana komndeni unyaka wonke. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi bakuphi, abantu bazozama konke okusemandleni abo ukubuyela ekhaya basebenzise amaholide nemindeni yabo. Lo mkhathi wokuhlangana kabusha ujulisa isibopho phakathi kwamalungu omndeni futhi uthuthukise umuzwa wawo wobunikazi kanye nangomndeni.
• Izibusiso namathemba amasha: Ngesikhathi sokuvalelisa okudala nokufakelwa okusha, abantu bazokwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene nemisebenzi yokubusisa, bathandazela ukuthula, impilo, nokubusheleleka konyaka omusha. Umkhosi Wentwasahlobo futhi uyisiqalo esisha, uletha abantu amathuba angenamkhawulo nethemba.
• Ukushintshaniswa Kwamasiko nokusabalalisa: Ngokuthuthuka kokuhwebelana komhlaba wonke, umkhosi waseSpring awusiyena umkhosi wamaShayina kuphela kodwa futhi nesimo samasiko emhlabeni jikelele. Ngesikhathi somkhosi waseSpring unyaka nonyaka, kubanjwa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yomkhosi emhlabeni wonke, kukhombisa ubuhle besiko lamaShayina nokukhuthaza ukushintshaniswa kwamasiko kanye nokuhlanganiswa phakathi kwamazwe e-China namanye amazwe.
• Ukuchuma Kwezomnotho Nokunyusa: Ngesikhathi somkhosi weSpring unyaka nonyaka, ukudliwa kwabantu kokusetshenziswa kwabantu kudinga ukwenyuswa kakhulu, ukushayela ukuchuma kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho ohlukile "wasentwasahlobo."

III. Amasiko Omkhosi

• Ukunikela imihlatshelo ekhishini uNkulunkulu: eyaziwa nangokuthi "unyaka omusha omusha," kwenzeka ngosuku lwe-23 noma ngo-24 lenyanga yenyanga eyi-12. Abantu bazobeka amaswidi, amanzi acwebile, ubhontshisi, kanye neminye iminikelo phambi kwekhishi imidwebo futhi ancibilike i-guandong uswidi bese ulisebenzisa lokuthi uzokhuluma kahle umlomo lapho ebika Umndeni ngokuthula.
• Uthuli olukhukhuzayo: Isisho sihamba, "ngosuku lwe-24 lwenyanga eyi-12 yenyanga, shanela indlu." Imindeni izohlanza indawo ezungezile, igeze izitsha, futhi ikhiphe futhi igeze imibhede, amakhethini, njll.
• Ukulungiselela Izimpahla Zonyaka Omusha: Kusukela ngosuku lwe-25 lwenyanga yenyanga eyi-12, abantu bazothenga izinto ezahlukahlukene ezidingekayo kuNyaka oMusha ukuze balungiselele ukudla, ukuzijabulisa, kanye nomhlobiso phakathi nomkhosi wentwasahlobo.
• Ukuthumela izithandani zomkhosi weSpring Festival kanye nonkulunkulu bomnyango: Abantu bazokhetha ngokucophelela izithandani zomkhosi we-Red Spring ukunamathisela eminyango yabo, bengeza umoya owawumkhosi emkhosini. Ngasikhathi sinye, onkulunkulu ababili, abanjengoShen Tu kanye yu le lei, qin shubao no-yu chigong, bazonamathiselwa esangweni eliyinhloko ukuvimba imimoya emibi futhi balethe ukuthula kanye nokuphepha unyaka wonke.
• Isidlo sakusihlwa soNyaka Omusha: owaziwa nangokuthi isidlo sakusihlwa kabusha, isidlo sakusihlwa ngo-Eva kaNyaka oMusha. Umndeni wonke uqoqana ndawonye isidlo sakusihlwa esidabukisayo, esifanekisela ukuhlangana kabusha, injabulo, nokulindelwe okuhle konyaka olandelayo.
• Ukuhlala sekwephuzile ngo-Eva kaNyaka oMusha: Ngobusuku bonyaka omusha, wonke umndeni uhlangana ndawonye ukuze uhlale ubusuku bonke, ulinde ukuthi kube yilapho bevalelisa khona okudala nokuvelela ku-New, kufanekisela ukushayela yonke imimoya emibi futhi Ukugula futhi kulindele unyaka omusha nomusha.
• Ukunikeza imali yonyaka omusha: Abadala bazonikeza imali ezizukulwaneni ezisencane, okuthiwa bakwazi ukwenza imimoya emibi futhi baqinisekise ukuthi isizukulwane esincane sinonyaka ophephile futhi oshelelayo.
• Ukubingelela uNyaka oMusha: Abantu bavuka ekuseni, bagqoke izingubo ezintsha, bashise impepho ukukhokha inhlonipho, bakhonze izulu nomhlaba, nokhokho, bese bebingelela abadala ngokuhleleka. Ngemuva kwalokho, izihlobo nabangane bomndeni owodwa bazoshintshana ngokuhalalisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadodakazi ashadile azobuyisela abayeni babo nezingane emzini wazo ukuthi avakashele, ezaziwa ngokuthi "ekwamukeleni usuku lwami-mkhwenyana."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamasiko ahlukahlukene nemisebenzi efana nokushona phansi kwalo nyaka omusha, ukutshela inhlanhla, ukubutha ingcebo, ukuyeka ubuphofu, nokudla amabhola elayisi agcwele ama-glutinous, nokudla amabhola elayisi agcwele ama-glutinous, futhi adle amabhola elayisi agcwele ama-glutinous. Lawa masiko nemisebenzi ayigcini nje nge-Cultural Cultural of the Festival yaseSpring kodwa futhi ithuthukise isimo semikhosi ye-festival.In Summury, umkhosi weSpring umkhosi wendabuko onesiko elicebile namasiko angokomlando. Akuyona ingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lendabuko eliphakeme lesizwe saseChinese kodwa futhi nesikhashana esibalulekile sokuthi abantu babeke amathemba abo, bajabulele ukuhlangana kwabo, futhi bathandazele unyaka omusha.